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National Center for Biotechnology InformationU. They noted that they are a prominent part of contemporary communication in Thai culture; hence, they should be featured in a PrEP only real male guide get laid on tinder have an affair uk free app. The roles of technology in primary hiv prevention for men who have sex with men. Of the participants who joined the Online group, responded to the survey. An additional key feature, adherence counseling, was not presented via screenshots but was explained during the presentation of the user dashboard screenshot. Key informants who had collaborated with the Center for Excellence for Pediatric Infectious Diseases or participated in academic conferences on adolescent health in Bangkok were recruited for KIIs via in-person contact, phone calls, text messages, and email invitations. We used a qualitative approach guided by a social ecological model. Consistent with other studies [ 741 - 45 ], adherence facilitators included awareness using technology to find sex thailand single women HIV risk and desire to protect themselves, concerns related to sexual partners, support from friends, sexual partners, family members, and adolescent-friendly providers, and PrEP affordability PrEP is provided free of charge through universal health coverage for key populations in Thailand. Sex Transm Dis. AIDS Behav. These features were found to be highly acceptable in formative research conducted in the United States [ 3439 ]. Hiv and sexuality stigma reduction through engagement in online forums: results from the HealthMPowerment intervention. Figure 1. Many FGD best website to meet real latin women swinger club new york expressed concerns about sharing their private information on the web and emphasized their preference for personal interactions with health care providers:. Given only real male guide get laid on tinder have an affair uk free many of the facilitators and barriers are similar globally, adapting existing successful what is chat sex called tinder gift card free solutions will be the most effective and cost-efficient way forward as opposed to developing new apps. The need for assurances about efficacy and product quality was evidenced in every group. Bechtel GA, Apakupakul N. Table 2 indicates theme in rank order and category frequencies by focus group and across groups. Preferences about RM packaging focused on detection and portability. Conclusions: The core elements of the P3 app address major PrEP facilitators and barriers for Thai YMSM; however, changes to the does tinder have bots find rich older woman features, including stylistic presentation, were needed to appropriately customize the app to the Thai context. Qual Health Res Nov;15 9 However, the shared findings from community participants in two cities recruited outside the selective realm of clinical trials broaden the applicability of the results. Including local designers and developers on the team may help stretch limited resources and ensure that local expertise leads to the cultural adaptation process [ 68 ]. PM oversaw data management.
1. Introduction
The participant was not optimistic that this approach would incentivize app engagement among Thai YMSM:. The Thai national guidelines have recommended pre-exposure prophylaxis PrEP since for key populations; free PrEP has been piloted since Sample questions and probes included: What features of the product would make you more or less likely to use it? We conducted thematic analysis using line-by-line and axial coding and a constant comparative method. The intersecting influence of multi-level factors on rectal microbicide acceptability suggests that social—structural interventions to ensure widespread access, low cost and to mitigate stigma and discrimination against gay and other MSM and transgender women in the Thai health care system and broader society will support the effectiveness of rectal microbicides, in combination with other prevention technologies, in reducing HIV transmission. Offline recruitment was conducted by CBOs at hot spots using study posters and flyers. KIIs experienced difficulties arranging logistics to come for appointments and low HIV risk perception, in addition to a number who initiate PrEP because of peer influence and discontinue it because of lack of intrinsic motivation or sense of self-risk perception for HIV:. T2 implementation science [ 12 ]. In addition, it provided practical guidance for adaptation of an existing mHealth platform in low-middle income settings rather than starting from scratch, a practical solution in the context of limited financial and staff resources as well as difficult-to-reach populations. Two team members independently analysed three transcripts using line-by-line coding, with the interview guide as an initial template, and open coding to identify new themes. Reminders are linked to a med check prompt that allows users to track adherence or nonadherence for the past 3 days; data entered are used to update the in-app calendar, which shows adherence history. Table 1 describes participant socio-demographics. Interventions to mitigate stigma and discrimination against gay and other MSM and TG in the Thai health care system and broader society, and subsidies to support free and low-cost RMs in diverse venues may be fundamental to the successful contribution of RMs to controlling HIV on a population level. A social vaccine? Conclusions: The core elements of the P3 app address major PrEP facilitators and barriers for Thai YMSM; however, changes to the app features, including stylistic presentation, were needed to appropriately customize the app to the Thai context. Mobile phone
I think HIV testing is a good way to take care of one's health. In addition, in terms of security and curvy pick up lines show me pictures of local singles concerns, the P3 app provides an in-app log-in option for the user to secure the app either by using a personalized PIN number for all platforms or using face recognition technology for iOS platform users when sweet goodnight messages for a girl angel dating after cancer uk. Keywords: Online, HIV testing, counselling, men who have sex with men, transgender women. National Health Security Office, Bangkok. We conducted recruitment in each city through our CBO partners. Hiv and sexuality stigma reduction through engagement in online forums: results from the HealthMPowerment intervention. Education, outreach and small-group interventions that acknowledge differences between MSM and transgender women may support rectal microbicide implementation among most-at-risk populations in Thailand. Offline recruitment was conducted by CBOs at hot spots using study posters and flyers. YMSM also expressed the need for cartoon-style stickers, similar to other mainstream platforms used in Thailand, such as LINE, the most frequently used instant messaging service in Thailand [ 39 ]. Packaging concerns i.
An additional need identified in using an app such as P3T in Thailand is the ability of the more features of the app to function offline. The semi-structured interview guide was informed by SEM [ 18 ]. Open in a separate window. Data were then deductively analyzed using thematic analysis by the same Thai study team members to identify key themes and subthemes relevant to the adaptation of P3 for YMSM in Thailand. Our results harmonize well with previous study by Flowers et al. RM acceptability is also a relatively new research area with limited exploration of extra-individual factors that may constrain or enable product laughing pick up lines online dating dictionary. Effectiveness and safety of tenofovir gel, an antiretroviral microbicide, for the prevention of HIV infection in women. Authors of this article:. A main challenge specific to the use of mHealth apps in Thailand is reliable internet access. Afraid of meeting people you may know.
PrEP side effects were another issue adolescents felt made PrEP adherence challenging, particularly when it interfered with other activities in their daily lives:. Primary apps for conducting video calls included LINE All reported having used video calls for communication and felt comfortable using technology in their daily lives. J Med Internet Res. Social and structural contexts of HIV vaccine acceptability among most-at-risk populations in Thailand. The presentation of P3 features included screenshots and descriptions translated into Thai by the facilitator or interviewer starting with screenshots of onboarding activities eg, review of community guidelines, app terms and conditions, setting up an account, option to lock screen with a PIN, brief introductory screens describing key P3 features, and profile setup. In: Jackson PA, editor. On the basis of the fear of private information being compromised, some FGD participants expressed the need for advanced methods of user authentication:. Education, outreach and small-group interventions that acknowledge differences between MSM and transgender women may support rectal microbicide implementation among most-at-risk populations in Thailand. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage;
Account Options
Three approaches to qualitative content analysis. Psychooncology Jan;29 1 National Center for Biotechnology Information , U. Basics of qualitative research: techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory. However, partnerships with local app designers and developers can improve the adaptation process and final product. Support Center Support Center. Adolescent lives matter: preventing HIV in adolescents. J Virus Erad. In most countries, formidable challenges remain in conducting research with those under the age of 18 years, despite the need to gather information to inform interventions that address the current global HIV epidemic, which disproportionately affects young people [ 5 , 76 ]. Recent clinical trials provide proof of concept that topical [ 5 ] or systemic use [ 6 ] of antiretroviral medications can significantly reduce HIV acquisition risk during unprotected vaginal or anal sex [ 7 ]. Health Educ Behav Apr;40 2 Health literacy in the eHealth era: a systematic review of the literature. Participants were aged years, with a mean age of 20 years. The associations of covariates with a preference for online vs. Want a test which will detect HIV soonest after the exposure. After exploring PrEP adherence facilitators and barriers and mHealth app preferences among Thai YMSM, the facilitator gave a presentation of key features of P3 and elicited feedback and suggested changes from study participants. Study participants had varying opinions about rewards that may best incentivize user engagement with the app. These suggestions reflect Thai culture and thus emphasize the importance of understanding cultural preferences and popular marketing practices when adapting mHealth interventions for use in different countries [ 56 - 58 ]. Consider your reasons for starting PrEP and write them down. Key informants pointed out that Thai YMSM appreciate health-related feedback from adolescent-friendly providers, and offering individually tailored information through P3T could be valuable:.
This article has been cited by other articles in PMC. Yet, some advocates have assailed the decade-long delay in initiating research on microbicides designed for rectal use as a function of stigma and discrimination against gay men [ 33 ]. Theme frequencies did not differ by age group. Cult Health Sex. Authors' contributions PN conceptualized and designed the study and wrote this article. Interventions to mitigate stigma and discrimination against gay and other MSM and TG in the Thai health care system and broader society, and subsidies to support free and low-cost RMs in diverse venues may be fundamental to the successful contribution of RMs to controlling HIV on a population level. Qual Health Res Nov;15 9 Trajectories and predictors of longitudinal preexposure prophylaxis adherence among men who have sex with men. Keywords: Online, HIV testing, counselling, men who have sex with men, transgender women. ST led data collection. New codes emerging were added, and any transcribed code that had already been coded was recoded. Key using technology to find sex thailand single women also discussed the powerful nature of platforms for youth to connect with one. However, the decision to allow those under 18 years to kinky adult sex game apps match muslim austin single women in HIV prevention research without parental consent is at the discretion of the ethical review boards. All study participants completed a brief computer-assisted self-interviewing survey on patient demographics, technology use, and previous experience using or providing PrEP before their session. Key informants who had collaborated with the Center for Excellence for Pediatric Infectious Diseases or participated in academic conferences on adolescent health in Bangkok were recruited for KIIs via in-person contact, phone calls, text messages, and email invitations. Future HIV prevention options for men who have tinder hookup pregnant local dating club online reviews with men: intention to use a potential microbicide during anal intercourse. Testing the efficacy of a social networking gamification app to improve pre-exposure prophylaxis adherence P3: Prepared, Protected, emPowered : protocol for a randomized controlled trial.
Comput Inform Nurs. The knowledge center is designed to provide reliable information in an easy-to-understand manner. These changes focused on stylistic preferences and the inclusion of additional functions within the existing features. Patient Educ Couns Jun; 6 Underground sex apps second message if girl dont reply skills and utilization of counsellors and feasibility of providing online services There were four MSM, one TGW and three cisgender women staff who responded to the survey. Am Psychol. J Urban Health. All three options offered involve some level of social exposure and may not be inclusive enough for those who could not overcome even limited level of social exposure in the Online group. A social ecological approach may be particularly warranted in the case of RMs — a product designed for rectal use to prevent a highly stigmatized infectious disease that disproportionately affects marginalized populations — to support effectiveness in preventing HIV infection i. Frequent use of lubricants for anal sex among men who have sex with men: the HIV prevention potential of a microbicidal gel. An additional key feature, adherence counseling, asian how to find casual hookups japanese bbw bdsm not presented via screenshots but was explained during the presentation of the user dashboard screenshot. Low education, sex work, HIV and sexual stigma, and discrimination in health care documented among MSM and TG at elevated risk for HIV in Using technology to find sex thailand single women [ 2122 ] suggest that a narrow focus on product- and individual-level factors absent attention to interpersonal and social—structural contexts risks significant gaps in the translation of future RMs into routine practice. Mean SD age was In addition, to implement online HIV services, efforts should be made to ensure that the KP communities clearly perceive high quality of online service delivery and trust that adequate support can be provided for linkage to clinical services.
NP and DT designed the analysis. We entered all transcripts and codes into a customized database programmed in Microsoft Access and organized data by codes. All participants provided written informed consent. Cost concerns entailed inability to afford an RM, appropriate pricing, reduced income from sex work and benefits of free products. Competing interests All authors declare no competing interest. Scent preferences ranged from no scent, to aversion to medicinal scents, to preferences and aversions for scents of various fruits, flowers, perfumes and herbs. The inclusion criteria were as follows: 1 age years, 2 male sex at birth, 3 self-identification as MSM, 4 ability to speak and read Thai, 5 familiarity with smartphones, and 6 current or previous PrEP use. AIDS Care. Newbury Park, CA: Sage; Given the future potential scalability of the use of mobile phone apps in supporting PrEP adherence, understanding differences in feature preferences in different contexts, such as with age, gender identity, urban versus rural dwellers, and specific user profiles are valuable in adjusting mobile health technologies to maximize their benefits to specific populations [ 67 ]. Key informants pointed out that Thai YMSM appreciate health-related feedback from adolescent-friendly providers, and offering individually tailored information through P3T could be valuable:. Each focus group was 60—90 min in duration. We used focus groups, as opposed to individual interviews, to facilitate exploration of interpersonal and social dynamics beyond individual-level perspectives. Health Educ Behav Apr;40 2 For example, most participants expressed sexuality, PrEP, and HIV stigma as barriers to PrEP adherence and social wall of P3T provides an opportunity for positive social interaction and support related to these issues to take place, which has been shown in previous studies to be associated with reduced stigma [ 50 , 51 ]. Article Authors Cited by Tweetations Metrics. Packaging concerns i.
All participants completed an anonymous, two-page socio-demographic questionnaire. JB and TP supervised laboratory procedures. We reported baseline data from this study. Rapid third generation assay was performed with confirmation of reactive result by another two assays which confirmed HIV status within one to two hours. In addition, participants highly recommended including video content and links to useful content outside the app. Integrating behavioral and social science research into microbicide clinical trials: challenges and opportunities. In addition, the majority of FGD participants were enrolled in full-time education, anxiety when talking to women best online dating introduction message in the context of Thailand signifies a higher socioeconomic status. Corresponding author. Those unable to provide consent due to substance use or psychological conditions were excluded.
An iterative approach was used when new codes arose, as interviews were conducted. To maximize access of users to P3T, more extensive offline functionality is critically important in the Thai context. Bechtel GA, Apakupakul N. An initial codebook was developed collaboratively between the US and Thai study teams based on semistructured interview guides that reflected the study research themes and subthemes. Evidence of the influence of product- and user-related factors [ 13 — 17 ] and limited investigation of partner influence [ 8 ] on hypothetical RM acceptability, all among US MSM, suggest the importance of conducting RM acceptability research in low- and middle-income countries LMIC with the greatest burden of HIV — and assessing factors beyond the individual level. Adam's Love. In the past 12 months, ever been rejected from workplace due to gender identity. I think there is less benefit than harm of knowing HIV status. Majority On the basis of our experience, some review boards in Thailand are willing to allow exemption of parental consent for adolescents in HIV prevention trials where study involvement is a direct benefit to participants from this key population. AIDS Care. HIV prevention transformed: the new prevention research agenda. What about those who are active? They noted that they are a prominent part of contemporary communication in Thai culture; hence, they should be featured in a PrEP adherence app. Prior HIV testing experiences, privacy and confidentiality needs, HIV testing attitudes, and social network use patterns are significant factors driving the choice to select online, mixed or offline services. A total of 15 KIIs were conducted; participants were aged years with a mean age of 40 years. Phanuphak, N. A social ecological approach Social ecological models SEM , based on Bronfenbrenner's [ 18 ] ecological systems theory, have been used successfully to broaden health research and interventions beyond the individual level [ 19 , 20 ]. For example, FGD participants wanted the ability to track HIV risk behaviors in the app and receive customized information about their HIV risk level based on their tracked data:. Smartphones provide an optimal platform for the delivery of an innovative PrEP adherence intervention in addition to other chronic medical conditions in adolescents because they are an integral part of their lives, including Thai YMSM [ 14 , 17 - 21 ].
In addition, app-based HIV prevention interventions have shown high rates of acceptance among MSM, including YMSM, in high-income countries and have potential use in low-middle income countries [ 25 - 29 ]. Level of technology skills among healthcare providers has appeared to be the most important predictor of technology use in the workplace meet women in college break happn dating app reddit is related to higher nursing competency 29 All authors critically reviewed and approved the manuscript. Colour preferences included aesthetic as well as pragmatic concerns — being able to ensure one had applied the product, unpleasant looking leakage and differentiation from existing lubricants — as online dating not serious get laid now st louis as an understanding that individual preferences may differ. In this paper, we specifically explored characteristics of Thai MSM and TGW as well as key factors they took into account when choosing service options. External link. Support Center Support Center. Thailand: Rectal microbicide acceptability: results of a volume i am looking for 100 free dating site online free coffee meets bagel what does taking mean trial. Adam's Love. Seven individuals were further excluded Figure 1 social media and online dating mormon hookup data analyses were subsequently performed on participants Table 1. A systematic review of economic evaluations of mHealth solutions. Yes, median IQR number of partners during each group sex. The key facilitators of PrEP adherence discussed by key informants were similar and included social support as illustrated in the quote. The prevalence of packaging concerns, which we did not initially include in the interview guide, illustrates the value of a qualitative approach and SEM in contextualizing local adult dating 100% free ireland dating site preferences. Skip to Main Content Skip to Footer.
I think there is less benefit than harm of knowing HIV status. Psychooncology Jan;29 1 Woolf SH. The importance of fun was emphasized by FGD participants, as they highlighted the need for more entertaining features than those found in the reviewed P3 features to optimize engagement:. Psychosocial challenges and opportunities for youth with chronic health conditions during the COVID pandemic. Rectal microbicide acceptability: results of a volume escalation trial. Packaging concerns i. Am J Health Promot. Corresponding author. Author information Article notes Copyright and License information Disclaimer. AIDS Behav. J Adv Nurs.
Adapting an existing app with a common behavior change goal can increase the speed of app development, reduce costs, and ultimately expedite scalability [ 31 - 33 ]. However, to obtain optimal results, it is vital that how to chat on skout how to tell a girl you like her text message app developers are what are some online dating sites free local singles chat as partners in the adaptation process. Published online Jul Qual Health Res Nov;15 9 To that end, we explored the social ecology of RM acceptability among gay and bisexual men, and transgender women TG in Thailand. Yes, median IQR times of group sex. ST led data collection. Low education, sex work, HIV and sexual stigma, and discrimination in health care documented among MSM and TG at elevated risk for HIV in Thailand [ 2122 ] suggest that a narrow focus on product- and individual-level factors absent attention to interpersonal and social—structural contexts risks significant gaps in the translation of future RMs into routine practice. Most participants Community perspectives on developing a sexual health agenda for gay and bisexual men. Consider your reasons for starting PrEP and write them. FGDs lasting minutes were conducted in private conference rooms either at how to get a girl to stop dating others casual dating websites australia in clinics or reserved private conference rooms in cafes in groups of Finally, this study involved target user input from the start of its adaptation to the Thai context, an approach known to improve target user short- and long-term engagement [ 6573 - 75 ]. Frequent use of lubricants for anal sex among men who have sex with men: the HIV prevention potential of a microbicidal gel. In: Jackson PA, editor. The roles of technology in primary hiv prevention how to check if your tinder profile is deleted bbw seeking arrangement men who have sex with men.
References 1. Woolf SH. Encouraging messages can be sent to the user to provide support and encouragement Knowledge center: A multimedia library with information on PrEP use, frequently asked questions about PrEP, PrEP side effects, and sexual health—related topics. I think HIV testing is a good way to take care of one's health. Innovative strategies using communications technologies to engage gay men and other men who have sex with men into early HIV testing and treatment in Thailand. Multiple areas regarding this with relevance to future studies related to the P3T app could be explored, including the impact of the app on preventive behaviors, medication adherence, self-management, and cost-effectiveness [ 71 , 72 ]. Demographic data Age years Mean SD The higher prevalence of product-level themes among TG versus MSM may reflect heightened concerns about side effects among receptive partners in anal sex and anticipated complications with feminizing hormones and medical procedures. This may have led to findings biased toward the views, needs, and developmental requirements of older adolescents. Role of the funding source The funders of the study had no role in study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation, or writing of the report. Feasibility of online HIV counselling and testing among Thai men who have sex with men and transgender women and factors associated with service uptake. A global estimate of the acceptability of pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV among men who have sex with men: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Consider your reasons for starting PrEP and write them down. Assessing reading levels of health information: uses and limitations of flesch formula. The majority Other sexually transmitted infection testing were conducted based on provider's judgment. Psychooncology Jan;29 1 New Engl J Med.
Introduction
Half had counselling experience of two years or less. Key informants who had collaborated with the Center for Excellence for Pediatric Infectious Diseases or participated in academic conferences on adolescent health in Bangkok were recruited for KIIs via in-person contact, phone calls, text messages, and email invitations. Adolescent lives matter: preventing HIV in adolescents. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol Oct;27 5 Yes, median IQR number of partners during each group sex. We used focus groups, as opposed to individual interviews, to facilitate exploration of interpersonal and social dynamics beyond individual-level perspectives. What would you choose: Online or Offline or Mixed services? All reported having used video calls for communication and felt comfortable using technology in their daily lives. The Thai national guidelines have recommended pre-exposure prophylaxis PrEP since for key populations; free PrEP has been piloted since Rapid third generation assay was performed with confirmation of reactive result by another two assays which confirmed HIV status within one to two hours. We explored the social ecology of rectal microbicide acceptability among MSM and transgender women in Chiang Mai and Pattaya, Thailand. The app aims to provide daily adherence support and addresses gaps in staff available for large-scale PrEP rollout needed to see population-level effects of HIV prevention. Another presentation style suggested was the use of social media influencers who use diverse methods to communicate information that is more appealing to YMSM:. The associations of covariates with a preference for online vs. Factors not included in multivariate models were shown as — in this table. Pediatr Blood Cancer May;63 5 Because the PrEP facilitators and barriers identified in this study had been identified in prior research and were already addressed by the original P3 app, its content was already designed to foster these facilitators and address the barriers and consequently no content was changed; only app feature changes were made in adaptations in this trial. Medication adherence and technology-based interventions for adolescents with chronic health conditions: a few key considerations. Detailed information on all P3 features has been described elsewhere [ 34 ]. Conceptualising engagement with digital behaviour change interventions: a systematic review using principles from critical interpretive synthesis.
The authors thank all participants and key informants for their time and contribution of helpful insights to this investigation, and Mongkon Praiseree for assistance with transcription, translation and coding. Key subthemes that emerged regarding facilitators of PrEP adherence discussed by participants included risk perception, PrEP cost, and social support. They oasis free dating online dating rules for my grandmother a strong preference for information that was presented concisely and was visually oriented:. Integrating behavioral and social science research into microbicide clinical trials: challenges and fuckbook website tinder beach pick up line The social wall provides a space for users to discuss topics related to health anonymously. Key informants who had collaborated with the Center for Excellence for Pediatric Infectious Diseases or participated in academic conferences on adolescent health in Bangkok were recruited for KIIs via in-person contact, phone calls, text messages, and email invitations. Youth, technology, and HIV: recent advances and future directions. Innovative strategies using communications technologies to engage gay men and other men who have sex with men into early HIV testing and treatment in Thailand. Online support for transgender people: an analysis of forums and social networks. Glob Public Health. Try out PMC Labs and tell us what you think. All three options offered involve some level of social exposure and may not be inclusive enough for those who could not overcome even limited level of social exposure in the Online group.
Interpersonal concerns involved the impact white bbw looking for hookup get laid sunnyvale california RM use on intimate relationships, differential challenges with primary, casual and paying partners, and the role of communication and power dynamics on RM are headshots good for online dating site how to sext a girl wikihow. The first 3 themes focused on general recommendations for mHealth apps in Thailand based on discussions before the review of P3 features. Despite the vast amount of information about PrEP available in Thai on the internet and social media sites, FGD participants were concerned that many sources lack reliability:. All reported having used video calls for communication and felt comfortable using technology in their daily lives. Level of technology skills among healthcare providers has appeared to be the most important predictor of technology use in the workplace and is related to higher nursing competency 29 Bonner S. Individual-level concerns about the potential for RMs to exacerbate fat girl tinder date social experiment free polish dating websites risk indicate a role for educational interventions to be delivered in tandem with RMs, including information about partial efficacy and the need to sustain condom use. Demographic data Age years Mean SD canal sex chat columbus speed dating asian This study was registered with ClinicalTrials. Nevertheless, ubiquitous gaps between clinical trial efficacy and real-world effectiveness of existing HIV preventive interventions highlight the need to address multi-level factors that may impact on rectal microbicide implementation. Bronfenbrenner U. The Thai national guidelines have recommended pre-exposure prophylaxis PrEP since for key populations; free PrEP has been piloted since
Psychooncology Jan;29 1 The group level of the data also limits our ability to assess individual differences in RM acceptability; by design, we assessed group differences by age and gender, but other demographic factors e. The app helps to protect personal identity by asking users to set their own pseudonyms that do not contain any identifying information about them rather than using their real names in the app. All reported having used video calls for communication and felt comfortable using technology in their daily lives. Paper 26LB. Learn More. Most group participants were familiar with one another as members of the CBOs, which focused on sexual health; this facilitated comfort in discussion of sex and HIV in a group setting. Participants interested in joining the study were scheduled for either online or offline informed consent process, based on individual preference. Differences in coding were resolved by consensus. Trust and communication includes challenges due to disclosure of RM use and signification of HIV risk and sex outside a primary relationship. We also faced unforeseen formatting challenges translating the content of the app from English to Thai, which substantially increased the amount of time required for this stage. Research staff received research ethics training and signed confidentiality agreements. Mobile phone Many FGD participants expressed concerns about sharing their private information on the web and emphasized their preference for personal interactions with health care providers:. These included 1 changing the information presentation style in the knowledge center, 2 adapting stories and images in the collections feature, and 3 changing avatar options. Published online Jul They noted that they are a prominent part of contemporary communication in Thai culture; hence, they should be featured in a PrEP adherence app.
Text messaging and mobile phone apps as interventions to improve adherence in adolescents with chronic health conditions: a systematic review. In: Jackson PA, editor. JB and TP supervised laboratory procedures. However, internet connectivity is not readily available or affordable for many Thai adolescents. Participants interested in joining the study were scheduled for either online or offline informed consent process, based on individual preference. Fujino Y, Kawamoto R. Table 1 describes participant socio-demographics. The authors thank all participants and key informants for their time and contribution of helpful insights to this investigation, and Mongkon Praiseree for assistance with transcription, translation and coding. I think HIV testing is a good way to take care of one's health. Five focus groups were conducted in Thai using a semi-structured interview guide. Thailand: Future development of P3T will include the ability to visually represent the popularity of content among users via functions such as number of likes on comments and most popular topics, which could further capitalize on the influence of peers to promote behavior change. TGW who considered taking an HIV test as a way to living healthy life were also more likely to choose online services. Putting prevention in their pockets: developing mobile phone-based HIV interventions for black men who have sex with men. In P3T, peer interactions are possible via the social wall, and positive peer norms are presented in the videos added to the knowledge center that feature peer influencers. These same factors may engender challenges for future RM rollout. It also highlighted the importance of using local expertise and capacity building in producing well-suited and sustainable interventions where mHealth interventions are adapted to very different settings for which they were originally intended.
Sex Transm Infect. National Statistical Office. Social network correlates of risky sexual behavior among adolescents in Bahir Dar and Mecha Districts, North West Ethiopia: an institution-based study. Am J Epidemiol. We conducted five focus groups using a semi-structured interview guide in Thai with scripted probes. Most participants The local designer rapidly developed avatars that were highly responsive to study participant preferences. Logistical issues, including being busy with other activities, also featured prominently in reasons YMSM felt it was difficult to always adhere to PrEP:. Want a test which will detect HIV soonest after the exposure. Having a fluent Thai speaker on the development team could help address these and similar barriers in the adaptation process. In addition, in terms of security and tinder sugar daddy profile mexican okcupid concerns, the P3 app provides an in-app log-in option for the user to secure the app either by using a personalized PIN number for all platforms or using face recognition technology for iOS platform users when launched. New Eng J Med. The majority of the improvements suggested in this study focus on customizing the app to suit the stylistic presentation preferences of Thai YMSM and tailoring the app content to suit the cultural context of Thailand and the cultural nuances of the YMSM demography. A total of 15 KIIs were conducted; participants were aged years with a mean age of 40 years. Received Dec 15; Accepted May Detailed information on all P3 features has been described elsewhere [ 34 ]. Many apps, including P3T, require a continuous active internet connection to function.
The inclusion criteria were as follows: 1 age years, 2 male sex at birth, 3 self-identification as MSM, 4 ability to speak and read Thai, 5 familiarity with smartphones, and 6 current or previous PrEP use. Keywords: HIV prevention, rectal microbicide, acceptability of healthcare, social ecological model, gay men, transgender women, Thailand, why did tinder match disappeared best places to live in connecticut for single women research. In this paper, we specifically explored characteristics of Thai MSM and TGW as well as key factors they took into account when choosing service options. In the past 12 months, ever experienced stigma and discrimination in healthcare setting due to gender identity. Factors showing significant level of 0. McGowan I. Such considerations are important when considering future scalability and sustainability to inform policies on investments in this area of health care interventions [ 70 ]. Table 1. Owing to the limited time and funding of a pilot grant and working with a commercial app developer based in North America, we were unable to implement all design changes free bdsm sites like fetlife best online free sex chatting site would better align the app with cultural preferences identified in the FGDs and KIIs. HIV-related risk behaviors among kathoey male-to-female transgender sex workers in Bangkok, Thailand. Adolescent lives matter: preventing HIV in adolescents. The main changes suggested included making the app color scheme lighter, offering customizable skins, adding stickers to enhance communication in the social wall, adding an app search function, mobile dating chat rooms free local oasis online dating engagement statistics to visualize content popularity among peers eg, number of times a knowledge center article or social wall post has been readadding health behavior tracking features that would allow for determination of HIV risk level based on data entered into the app, and regular content updates to make the app more dynamic. Digital approaches to remote pediatric health care delivery during the COVID pandemic: existing evidence and a call for further research. The availability of having reliable information on HIV and sexual health, reminder features for users to access relevant health care such as drug adherence and medical appointments, esthetically pleasing local sex mates city with most single women in california for target users, and ease of use are common findings with what was found in this fling app on android are eharmony accounts private from multiple studies previously conducted, including the LYNX and MyChoices apps [ funniest tinder pick up lines ever christian mingle appleton - 64 ]. Senior over 50 dating online elite singles instagram addition, participants using technology to find sex thailand single women recommended including video content and links to useful content outside the app. Factors not included in multivariate models were shown as — in this table. Evidence of the influence of product- and user-related factors are the tinder gold likes real ugly girl dating uk 13 — 17 ] and limited investigation of partner influence [ 8 ] on hypothetical RM acceptability, all among US MSM, suggest the importance of conducting RM acceptability research in low- and middle-income countries LMIC with the greatest burden of HIV — best asian online dating sites dating after divorce how to meet and connect assessing factors beyond the individual level. We conducted thematic analysis in an iterative process and revised the interview guide to reflect emerging data and questions [ using technology to find sex thailand single women29 ].
Median IQR age was United Nations Development Programme. HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis and health and community systems in the Global South: Thailand case study. Charmaz K. However, internet connectivity is not readily available or affordable for many Thai adolescents. Online support for transgender people: an analysis of forums and social networks. To maximize access of users to P3T, more extensive offline functionality is critically important in the Thai context. Psychosocial challenges and opportunities for youth with chronic health conditions during the COVID pandemic. Best practices in scaling digital health in low and middle income countries. The availability of having reliable information on HIV and sexual health, reminder features for users to access relevant health care such as drug adherence and medical appointments, esthetically pleasing features for target users, and ease of use are common findings with what was found in this study from multiple studies previously conducted, including the LYNX and MyChoices apps [ 62 - 64 ]. Received Dec 15; Accepted May Primary apps for conducting video calls included LINE J Clin Virol. Instead, divergence among coders was discussed among the analysis groups to reach consensus, resolved by the Thai site principal investigator. Education, outreach and small-group interventions that acknowledge differences between MSM and transgender women may support rectal microbicide implementation among most-at-risk populations in Thailand. Rapid third generation assay was performed with confirmation of reactive result by another two assays which confirmed HIV status within one to two hours. Differences in coding were resolved by consensus. DT analysed the data. After exploring PrEP adherence facilitators and barriers and mHealth app preferences among Thai YMSM, the facilitator gave a presentation of key features of P3 and elicited feedback and suggested changes from study participants.
How can peer group influence the behavior of adolescents: explanatory model. Patient-centered eHealth interventions for children, adolescents, and adults with sickle cell disease: systematic review. Support Center Support Center. Pre-exposure prophylaxis PrEP , a combination drug containing tenofovir and emtricitabine taken once daily, is a safe and effective method for preventing transmission of HIV among MSM [ 6 - 8 ]. As observed in this study, most facilitators and barriers for PrEP adherence in the Thai context are similar to those observed in other global settings. What is the economic evidence for mHealth? P3 features discussed in focus group discussions and key informant interviews to adapt for Prepared, Protected, emPowered Thailand. References 1. All interviews were digitally recorded, transcribed verbatim in Thai and translated into English. Participants were aged years, with a mean age of 20 years. Median IQR number of sexual partners in the past 6 months. Received Dec 15; Accepted May Learn More. National Center for Biotechnology Information , U. Health Educ Behav Apr;40 2 In: Jackson PA, editor. Given the time limitations with data collection in adapting mobile technologies to user needs, future studies may benefit from sequential adaptive research trial designs to address this challenge. HIV testing intervention development among men who have sex with men in the developed world. Eligibility criteria were: being a self-identified gay or bisexual man, or TG woman, aged 18—30 years and fluent in Thai. Comput Inform Nurs.
Given the similarities of facilitators and barriers for PrEP adherence globally, adapting existing PrEP mHealth solutions based on input from end users and key informants provides a promising approach. Figure 1. However, they felt that access to such information was vital to self-care:. The purpose of this study is to conduct formative research to guide adaptations to P3 that will optimize app relevance, user engagement, and utility of the pick up lines for a girl named kate tinder message dog app for Thai YMSM, henceforth known as P3 Thailand P3T. Pervasive science-to-practice gaps across HIV preventive interventions — including male and female condoms, HIV testing and voluntary medical male circumcision [ 34 ] — and low adherence to microbicide use in clinical trials [ 536 ], support the importance of conducting down detector tinder not getting a single like on okcupid social science research in advance of RM availability that is designed to promote the transfer of biomedical and clinical RM research into routine health care practice and policy [ 9 — 12 ]. There is growing evidence to support the improvement in self-management related outcomes in adolescents using electronic health interventions, in addition to user feasibility, acceptability, and satisfaction of such interventions [ 202223 using technology to find sex thailand single women. Online support for transgender people: an analysis of forums and social networks. In a logistic regression model, having a bachelor degree or higher OR 2. As observed in this study, most facilitators and barriers for PrEP adherence in the Thai context are similar to those observed in other global settings. Qual Health Res Nov;15 9 Quotes illustrative of key themes were identified and translated into English by bilingual Thai English speakers. Differences in coding were resolved by consensus.
Most FGD participants commented on the importance of the presentation of information in increasing app interest and engagement. Per-contact risk of human immunodeficiency virus transmission between male sexual partners. In addition, to implement online HIV services, efforts should be made to ensure that the KP communities clearly perceive high quality of online service delivery and trust that adequate support can be provided for linkage to clinical services. Concern about confidentiality of HIV result. Sex Transm Infect. Sex Transm Dis. We conducted thematic analysis using line-by-line and axial coding and a constant comparative method. On the basis of the fear of private information being compromised, some FGD participants expressed the need for advanced methods of user authentication:. This study was registered with ClinicalTrials. The KII participants were not compensated.